ground

noun

地面 surface of earth

1. 地；地面
   the solid surface of the earth
   1. I found her lying on the ground .
      我发现她躺在地上。
   2. He lost his balance and fell to the ground .
      他失去平衡摔倒在地上。
   3. 2 metres above/below ground
      地上 / 地下2米
   4. Most of the monkeys' food is found at ground level .
      猴子的食物大多可在地面找到。
   5. ground forces (= soldiers that fight on land, not in the air or at sea)
      地面部队
   6. Houses and a luxury tourist hotel were burned to the ground (= completely destroyed, so that there is nothing left) .
      多栋房屋和一家豪华旅馆被大火焚烧殆尽。

土壤 soil

2. 土；土地；土壤
   soil on the surface of the earth
   1. fertile ground for planting crops
      种植农作物的肥沃土壤

场地 area of land

3. 开阔地；空旷地
   an area of open land
   1. The kids were playing on waste ground behind the school.
      孩子们在学校后面的荒地上玩耍。
4. （特定用途的）场地
   an area of land that is used for a particular purpose, activity or sport
   1. a football/recreation/sports, etc. ground
      足球场、娱乐场地、运动场等
   2. ancient burial grounds
      古代墓地
5. （某种用途的）地域，水域
   a large area of land or sea that is used for a particular purpose
   1. fishing grounds
      渔场
   2. feeding grounds for birds
      禽类饲养场

花园 gardens

6. （建筑物周围的）场地，庭院，花园
   the land or gardens around a large building
   1. the hospital grounds
      医院的院子

知识 / 思想领域 area of knowledge/ideas

7. （兴趣、知识或思想的）范围，领域
   an area of interest, knowledge or ideas
   1. He managed to cover a lot of ground in a short talk.
      他在简短的谈话中涵盖了许多领域。
   2. We had to go over the same ground (= talk about the same things again) in class the next day.
      我们得在第二天的课上讨论同样的话题。
   3. You're on dangerous ground (= talking about ideas that are likely to offend sb or make people angry) if you criticize his family.
      你要是批评他的家人可就惹麻烦了。
   4. I thought I was on safe ground (= talking about a suitable subject) discussing music with her.
      我以为与她一起讨论音乐是稳妥的。
   5. He was back on familiar ground , dealing with the customers.
      他又干起了与顾客打交道的老本行。
   6. They are fighting the Conservatives on their own ground .
      他们以保守党人自己的逻辑在和他们斗争。

充分的理由 good reason

8. 充分的理由；根据
   a good or true reason for saying, doing or believing sth
   1. You have no grounds for complaint.
      你没有理由抱怨。
   2. What were his grounds for wanting a divorce?
      他要离婚的理由是什么？
   3. The case was dismissed on the grounds that there was not enough evidence.
      此案以缺乏足够的证据为由被驳回。
   4. He retired from the job on health grounds .
      他因健康原因退职。
   5. Employers cannot discriminate on grounds of age.
      雇主不得有年龄歧视。

液体 in liquid

9. 渣滓；沉淀物
   the small pieces of solid matter in a liquid that have fallen to the bottom
   1. coffee grounds
      咖啡渣子

电线 electrical wire

电线 electrical wire

背景 background

10. （绘画或印刷的）背景，底子
    a background that a design is painted or printed on
    1. pink roses on a white ground
       白底粉红玫瑰

verb

船 boat

1. （使）搁浅，触海底
   when a boat grounds or sth grounds it, it touches the bottom of the sea and is unable to move
   1. The fishing boat had been grounded on rocks off the coast of Cornwall.
      渔船在康沃尔海岸外礁石上搁浅了。

飞行器 aircraft

2. 使停飞；阻止…起飞
   to prevent an aircraft from taking off
   1. The balloon was grounded by strong winds.
      热气球因强风停飞。
   2. All planes out of Heathrow have been grounded by the strikes.
      所有由希思罗机场起飞的飞机均因罢工而停飞。

孩子 child

3. 罚（儿童）不准出门
   to punish a child by not allowing them to go out with their friends for a period of time
   1. You're grounded for a week!
      罚你一周不准出门！

电 electricity

电 electricity

adj.

1. 磨细的；磨碎的
   cut or crushed into very small pieces or powder
   1. ground coffee
      咖啡粉

1. N-SING 地；地面
   The ground is the surface of the earth.
   1. Forty or fifty women were sitting cross-legged on the ground...
      四五十个女人盘腿坐在地上。
   2. We slid down the roof and dropped to the ground.
      我们沿着屋顶滑了下来，落到地上。
2. N-SING （相对于空中的）地面
   If you say that something takes place on the ground, you mean it takes place on the surface of the earth and not in the air.
   1. Coordinating airline traffic on the ground is as complicated as managing the traffic in the air.
      协调地面的航空交通与管理空中交通一样复杂。
3. N-SING 土；土地；土壤
   The ground is the soil and rock on the earth's surface.
   1. The ground had eroded.
      这片土壤遭到侵蚀。
   2. ...the marshy ground of the river delta.
      河流三角洲的沼泽地
4. N-UNCOUNT （尤指建筑物极少或具有某种特性的）土地
   You can refer to land as ground, especially when it has very few buildings or when it is considered to be special in some way.
   1. ...a stretch of waste ground...
      一块荒地
   2. This memorial stands on sacred ground.
      这块纪念碑屹立于圣地之上。
5. N-COUNT （有特定用途的）场地
   You can use ground to refer to an area of land, sea, or air which is used for a particular activity.
   1. ...Indian hunting grounds...
      印第安人的狩猎场
   2. The best fishing grounds are around the islands.
      最好的渔场在这些岛屿周围。
6. N-COUNT 运动场，…场（美国英语中亦作grounds）
   A ground is an area of land which is specially designed and made for playing sport or for some other activity. In American English grounds is also used.
   1. ...the city's football ground.
      该市的足球场
   2. ...a parade ground.
      阅兵场
7. N-PLURAL （大型或重要建筑周围的）场地，庭院，花园
   The grounds of a large or important building are the garden or area of land which surrounds it.
   1. ...the palace grounds.
      皇家花园
   2. ...the grounds of the University.
      大学校区
8. N-VAR （适于方法、思想等发展的）地方
   You can use ground to refer to a place or situation in which particular methods or ideas can develop and be successful.
   1. The company has maintained its reputation as the developing ground for new techniques...
      该公司一直享有新技术研发基地的美誉。
   2. Seattle is fertile ground for small businesses.
      西雅图是适合小型企业发展的沃土。
9. N-UNCOUNT 范围；领域；基础
   You can use ground in expressions such as on shaky ground and the same ground to refer to a particular subject, area of experience, or basis for an argument.
   1. Sensing she was on shaky ground, Marie changed the subject...
      感到自己的观点站不住脚，玛丽于是换了个话题。
   2. The French are on solid ground when they argue that competitiveness is no reason for devaluation...
      法国人认为不能以提高竞争力为由进行贬值，他们是有道理的。
   3. It's often necessary to go over the same ground more than once.
      常常有必要对同样的内容不只一次地进行检查。
10. N-UNCOUNT 优势；有利条件
    Ground is used in expressions such as gain ground ,lose ground, and give ground in order to indicate that someone gets or loses an advantage.
    1. There are signs that the party is gaining ground in the latest polls...
       有迹象表明该党在最新一轮投票中正逐渐领先。
    2. The US dollar lost more ground.
       美元失去了更多的优势。
11. N-VAR 理由；根据
    If something is grounds for a feeling or action, it is a reason for it. If you do something on the grounds of a particular thing, that thing is the reason for your action.
    1. In the interview he gave some grounds for optimism...
       他接受采访时阐述了持乐观态度的理由。
    2. The court overturned that decision on the grounds that the Prosecution had withheld crucial evidence...
       法庭以检控方拒绝出示关键证据为由撤销了那项判决。
    3. Owen was against it, on the grounds of expense.
       欧文因费用问题对此表示反对。
12. VERB 以…为根据；建立在…基础上
    If an argument, belief, or opinion is grounded in something, that thing is used to justify it.
    1. Her argument was grounded in fact...
       她的观点有事实根据。
    2. They believe the soul is immortal, grounding this belief on the Divine nature of the human spirit.
       基于对人类精神神圣性的信仰，他们认为灵魂是永恒的。
13. VERB 使不能起飞；使停飞
    If an aircraft or its passengers are grounded, they are made to stay on the ground and are not allowed to take off.
    1. The civil aviation minister ordered all the planes to be grounded...
       民航部长下令所有飞机不得起飞。
    2. A hydrogen leak forced NASA to ground the space shuttle.
       氢气泄漏迫使美国国家航空航天局停止了航天飞机的发射。
14. VERB 罚（儿童）不能出门；禁足
    When parents ground a child, they forbid them to go out and enjoy themselves for a period of time, as a punishment.
    1. Thompson grounded him for a month, and banned television.
       汤普森罚他一个月不能出门，并禁止看电视。
15. V-ERG （使）搁浅
    If a ship or boat is grounded or if it grounds, it touches the bottom of the sea, lake, or river it is on, and is unable to move off.
    1. Residents have been told to stay away from the region where the ship was grounded...
       居民们被告知不要靠近船只搁浅的区域。
    2. The boat finally grounded on a soft, underwater bank.
       那条船最终在松软的水下浅滩搁浅了。
    3. ...a grounded oil tanker.
       搁浅的油轮
16. 接地装置；地线
    The ground in an electric plug or piece of electrical equipment is the wire through which electricity passes into the ground and which makes the equipment safe.

in BRIT, use 英国英语用 earth


17. ADJ （肉等）切碎的，磨碎的
    Ground meat has been cut into very small pieces in a machine.
    1. ...ground beef.
       绞碎的牛肉
    2. ...The sausages are made of coarsely ground pork.
       这些香肠用切得较粗的猪肉制成。

in BRIT, usually use 英国英语通常用 minced


18. 
    Ground is the past tense and past participle of grind .
19. See also: grounding home ground
20. PHRASE 开辟新领域；开创新方法
    If you break new ground, you do something completely different or you do something in a completely different way.
    1. Gellhorn may have broken new ground when she filed her first report on the Spanish Civil War.
       当盖尔霍恩发出她第一篇关于西班牙内战的报道时，她也许已经开辟了一片新的天地。
21. PHRASE 烧为灰烬；夷为平地
    If you say that a town or building is burnt to the ground or is razed to the ground, you are emphasizing that it has been completely destroyed by fire.
    1. The town was razed to the ground after the French Revolution.
       该镇在法国大革命后被夷为平地。
22. 共同看法；相同的立场
    If two people or groups find common ground, they agree about something, especially when they do not agree about other things.
23. PHRASE 躲藏起来；潜伏起来
    If you go to ground, you hide somewhere where you cannot easily be found.
    1. Citizens of East Beirut went to ground in basements and shelters.
       东贝鲁特的市民们躲进了地下室和掩体中。
24. PHRASE 中间立场；中间观点
    The middle ground between two groups, ideas, or plans involves things which do not belong to either of these groups, ideas, or plans but have elements of each, often in a less extreme form.
    1. She seems to have found a middle ground in which mutual support, rather than complete dependency, is possible.
       她似乎已经找到了实现相互支持而非完全依赖其中一方的中间立场。
25. PHRASE 开始；起步
    If something such as a project gets off the ground, it begins or starts functioning.
    1. We help small companies to get off the ground.
       我们帮助一些小公司顺利起步。
26. PHRASE 在自己熟悉的领域里；在自己的地盘
    If you are on your own ground, you are in a place or situation in which you feel confident because you are very familiar with it.
    1. On her own ground she knows exactly what she's doing.
       她在自己熟悉的领域里对自己的行为有十足的把握。
27. PHRASE 为…打下基础
    If you prepare the ground for a future event, course of action, or development, you make it easier for it to happen.
    1. ...a political initiative which would prepare the ground for war.
       为战争埋下了伏笔的政治倡议
28. 改变立场；改变观点
    If you shift your ground or change your ground, you change the basis on which you are arguing.
29. PHRASE 坚持主张；坚定立场
    If you stand your ground or hold your ground, you continue to support a particular argument or to have a particular opinion when other people are opposing you or trying to make you change your mind.
    1. The spectacle of Sakharov standing his ground and speaking his mind gave me hope.
       萨哈罗夫坚持立场、坦率直言的样子让我看到了希望。
30. PHRASE 坚守阵地；不退却
    If you stand your ground or hold your ground, you do not run away from a situation, but face it bravely.
    1. She had to force herself to stand her ground when she heard someone approaching.
       听到有人走近，她只好强迫自己鼓起勇气，绝不退缩。
31. （工作、衣服等）完全适合
    If you say that something such as a job or piece of clothing suits someone down to the ground, you mean that it is completely suitable or right for them.
32. PHRASE 为数不多；数目少
    If people or things of a particular kind are thin on the ground, there are very few of them.
    1. Good managers are often thin on the ground.
       优秀的经理人常常寥寥无几。
33. to have one's ear to the ground → see: ear

1. Forty or fifty women were sitting cross-legged on the ground
   四五十个女人盘腿坐在地上。
2. We slid down the roof and dropped to the ground.
   我们沿着屋顶滑了下来，落到地上。
3. Coordinating airline traffic on the ground is as complicated as managing the traffic in the air.
   协调地面的航空交通与管理空中交通一样复杂。
4. The ground had eroded.
   这片土壤遭到侵蚀。
5. This memorial stands on sacred ground.
   这块纪念碑屹立于圣地之上。
6. The best fishing grounds are around the islands.
   最好的渔场在这些岛屿周围。
7. The company has maintained its reputation as the developing ground for new techniques
   该公司一直享有新技术研发基地的美誉。
8. Seattle is fertile ground for small businesses.
   西雅图是适合小型企业发展的沃土。
9. Sensing she was on shaky ground, Marie changed the subject
   感到自己的观点站不住脚，玛丽于是换了个话题。
10. The French are on solid ground when they argue that competitiveness is no reason for devaluation
    法国人认为不能以提高竞争力为由进行贬值，他们是有道理的。
11. It's often necessary to go over the same ground more than once.
    常常有必要对同样的内容不只一次地进行检查。
12. There are signs that the party is gaining ground in the latest polls
    有迹象表明该党在最新一轮投票中正逐渐领先。
13. The US dollar lost more ground.
    美元失去了更多的优势。
14. In the interview he gave some grounds for optimism
    他接受采访时阐述了持乐观态度的理由。
15. The court overturned that decision on the grounds that the Prosecution had withheld crucial evidence
    法庭以检控方拒绝出示关键证据为由撤销了那项判决。
16. Owen was against it, on the grounds of expense.
    欧文因费用问题对此表示反对。
17. Her argument was grounded in fact
    她的观点有事实根据。
18. They believe the soul is immortal, grounding this belief on the Divine nature of the human spirit.
    基于对人类精神神圣性的信仰，他们认为灵魂是永恒的。
19. The civil aviation minister ordered all the planes to be grounded
    民航部长下令所有飞机不得起飞。
20. Thompson grounded him for a month, and banned television.
    汤普森罚他一个月不能出门，并禁止看电视。
21. Residents have been told to stay away from the region where the ship was grounded
    居民们被告知不要靠近船只搁浅的区域。
22. Gellhorn may have broken new ground when she filed her first report on the Spanish Civil War.
    当盖尔霍恩发出她第一篇关于西班牙内战的报道时，她也许已经开辟了一片新的天地。
23. The town was razed to the ground after the French Revolution.
    该镇在法国大革命后被夷为平地。
24. Citizens of East Beirut went to ground in basements and shelters.
    东贝鲁特的市民们躲进了地下室和掩体中。
25. She seems to have found a middle ground in which mutual support, rather than complete dependency, is possible.
    她似乎已经找到了实现相互支持而非完全依赖其中一方的中间立场。
26. We help small companies to get off the ground.
    我们帮助一些小公司顺利起步。
27. On her own ground she knows exactly what she's doing.
    她在自己熟悉的领域里对自己的行为有十足的把握。
28. The spectacle of Sakharov standing his ground and speaking his mind gave me hope.
    萨哈罗夫坚持立场、坦率直言的样子让我看到了希望。
29. She had to force herself to stand her ground when she heard someone approaching.
    听到有人走近，她只好强迫自己鼓起勇气，绝不退缩。
30. Good managers are often thin on the ground.
    优秀的经理人常常寥寥无几。

  reason cause excuse ground【导航词义：原因，理由】

  reason n. 原因，理由

〔辨析〕指某事发生的原因或做某事的正当理由，常后接介词 for 及 why 或 that 引导的从句，作“理由”解时还可后接动词不定式。

  cause n. 起因，理由

〔辨析〕指导致某事发生的行为、事件等；也指产生某种感情或做出某种举动的正当理由，作此义解时常可与 reason 换用。

  excuse n. 理由，托词

〔辨析〕指辩解的理由或推脱的借口，常后接介词 for。

  ground n. 充分理由 ，根据

〔辨析〕指做某事的正当理由，作此义解时通常用复数。

n.

cut the ground from under sb's feet

• 挖某人的墙脚；破坏某人的计划；拆某人的台
  to suddenly spoil sb's idea or plan by doing sth to stop them from continuing with it

gain/make up ground (on sb/sth)

• 逼近，迫近（正在移动或做某事的人或物）
  to gradually get closer to sb/sth that is moving or making progress in an activity
  1. The police car was gaining ground on the suspects.
     警车渐渐逼近犯罪嫌疑人。
  2. They needed to make up ground on their competitors.
     他们必须穷追猛赶竞争对手。

get (sth) off the ground

• （使）顺利开始，开始发生
  to start happening successfully; to make sth start happening successfully
  1. Without more money, the movie is unlikely to get off the ground.
     没有更多的资金，这部影片难以顺利开拍。
  2. to get a new company off the ground
     使新公司顺利开张

give/lose ground (to sb/sth)

• 退让；让步；失利
  to allow sb to have an advantage; to lose an advantage for yourself
  1. They are not prepared to give ground on tax cuts.
     他们不准备在减税方面让步。
  2. The Conservatives lost a lot of ground to the Liberal Democrats at the election.
     在选举中保守党大大失利于自由民主党。

go to ground

• 躲藏起来；潜伏起来
  to hide, especially to escape sb who is chasing you

hold/stand your ground

• 坚持主张；坚持意图；坚持立场；不让步
  to continue with your opinions or intentions when sb is opposing you and wants you to change
  1. Don't let him persuade you─stand your ground.
     别听他的——坚持自己的主张吧。
• 坚守阵地；不撤退；不退却
  to face a situation and refuse to run away
  1. It is not easy to hold your ground in front of someone with a gun.
     面对持枪者而不退缩并不容易。

on the ground

• 当场；在现场；（尤指）在处于战火中的人之中
  in the place where sth is happening and among the people who are in the situation, especially a war
  1. On the ground, there are hopes that the fighting will soon stop.
     战火中的人都希望战斗尽快结束。
  2. There's a lot of support for the policy on the ground.
     这一政策得到相关人员的普遍支持。

run/drive/work yourself into the ground

• 把自己弄得精疲力竭；把自己累垮
  to work so hard that you become extremely tired

run sb/sth into the ground

• 耗尽某物；过度使用某物；使某人精疲力竭
  to use sth so much that it is broken; to make sb work so hard that they are no longer able to work

thick/thin on the ground

• 为数众多（或不多）；数目巨大（或微小）；众多（或稀少）
  if people or things are thick/thin on the ground , there are a lot/not many of them in a place
  1. Customers are thin on the ground at this time of year.
     一年里这个季节顾客很少。

keep/have your ear to the ground

• 注意看动向；掌握最新发展情况
  to make sure that you always find out about the most recent developments in a particular situation

be on firm ground

• （在辩论等中）立场坚定，对事实确信无疑
  to be in a strong position in an argument, etc. because you know the facts
  1. Everyone agreed with me, so I knew I was on firm ground.
     每个人都同意我的意见，所以我知道自己立场稳固了。

have/keep your feet on the ground

• 实事求是；脚踏实地
  to have a sensible and realistic attitude to life

gain ground

• 变得更强大（或更有成效、更成功）；有进步；获得进展
  to become more powerful or successful
  1. Sterling continues to gain ground against the dollar.
     英镑对美元的比价继续坚挺。

hit the ground running

• 迅速而顺利地投入某事；一炮打响；一举成功
  to start doing sth and continue very quickly and successfully

take, claim, seize, etc. the moral high ground

• 声称自己的论点在道义上占优势
  to claim that your side of an argument is morally better than your opponents' side; to argue in a way that makes your side seem morally better

on neutral ground/territory

• 在中立地区；在第三方地区
  in a place that has no connection with either of the people or sides who are meeting and so does not give an advantage to either of them
  1. We decided to meet on neutral ground.
     我们决定在第三方领土上会晤。

break new ground

• 有所发现；开拓创新
  to make a new discovery or do sth that has not been done before

prepare the ground (for sth)

• （为…）准备条件，铺路
  to make it possible or easier for sth to be achieved
  1. The committee will prepare the ground for next month's meeting.
     这个委员会将为下个月的会议做好准备。

be riveted to the spot/ground

• 吓呆了；呆若木鸡
  to be so shocked or frightened that you cannot move

shift your ground

• （尤指讨论时）改变立场
  to change your opinion about a subject, especially during a discussion

fall on stony ground

• 未产生预期的结果（或效果）；没有开花结果
  to fail to produce the result or the effect that you hope for; to have little success

suit sb down to the ground

• 对某人非常方便；很合某人心意
  to be very convenient or acceptable for sb
  1. This job suits me down to the ground.
     这份工作我非常满意。

noun

1. the first or preliminary coat of paint or size applied to a surface

   Synonym:    flat coatprimerprimingprimer coatpriming coatundercoat

2. (art) the surface (as a wall or canvas) prepared to take the paint for a painting

3. a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage)

   Synonym:    earth

4. a relatively homogeneous percept extending back of the figure on which attention is focused

5. the part of a scene (or picture) that lies behind objects in the foreground
   1. he posed her against a background of rolling hills

   Synonym:    background

6. a position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle)
   1. they gained ground step by step
   2. they fought to regain the lost ground

7. a rational motive for a belief or action
   1. the reason that war was declared
   2. the grounds for their declaration

   Synonym:    reason

8. the solid part of the earth's surface
   1. the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land
   2. the earth shook for several minutes
   3. he dropped the logs on the ground

   Synonym:    landdry landearthsolid groundterra firma

9. material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use)
   1. the land had never been plowed
   2. good agricultural soil

   Synonym:    landsoil

10. a relation that provides the foundation for something
    1. they were on a friendly footing
    2. he worked on an interim basis

    Synonym:    footingbasis

11. the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface
    1. they dug into the earth outside the church

    Synonym:    earth

verb

1. use as a basis for
   1. base a claim on some observation

   Synonym:    establishbasefound

2. instruct someone in the fundamentals of a subject

3. connect to a ground
   1. ground the electrical connections for safety reasons

4. fix firmly and stably
   1. anchor the lamppost in concrete

   Synonym:    anchor

5. cover with a primer

   Synonym:    primeundercoat

6. hit onto the ground

7. hit a groundball
   1. he grounded to the second baseman

8. throw to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage

9. place or put on the ground

10. confine or restrict to the ground
    1. After the accident, they grounded the plane and the pilot

11. hit or reach the ground

    Synonym:    run aground

12. bring to the ground
    1. the storm grounded the ship

    Synonym:    strandrun aground